Coughing in dogs

Coughing in dogs is a common clinical sign that can result from a wide range of underlying
conditions. It’s important to evaluate the context and associated signs to determine the cause.
Possible Causes of Coughing in Dogs
1. Infectious Causes:
– Kennel cough (infectious tracheobronchitis) caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica, canine
adenovirus, parainfluenza
– Respiratory viruses
– Pneumonia (bacterial, viral, fungal)
2. Allergies and Irritants:
– Environmental allergens (dust, pollen, mold)
– Smoke, fumes, or pollutants
3. Heart Disease:
– Congestive heart failure can cause a moist cough due to pulmonary edema
4. Tracheal Collapse:
– Common in small breeds like Yorkshire Terriers, Chihuahuas
– Characterized by a honking or goose-like cough, often worsened by excitement or pulling on
the leash
5. Lung Diseases:
– Chronic bronchitis or asthma (less common in dogs)
– Lung tumors or masses
6. Foreign Bodies or Obstructions:
– Inhaled grass, plant material, or small objects
7. Other Causes:
– Pneumothorax or pleural effusion
– Pulmonary parasites (e.g., heartworm disease)

Signs and When to Seek Veterinary Care
– Persistent cough lasting more than a few days
– Coughing associated with exercise, excitement, or pulling on the leash
– Coughing with nasal discharge or sneezing
– Difficulty breathing or labored respiration
– Lethargy, fever, or loss of appetite
– Coughing that produces blood or frothy mucus

– Elevated Sleeping respiration rate( >30 should be investigated by diagnostics at a Veterinary
Clinic)

Diagnosis
– Complete physical exam, including auscultation of lungs and heart
– Chest X-rays to evaluate lungs, heart, and airways
– Heartworm test and fecal checks for parasites
– Additional tests as needed (e.g., bronchoscopy, bloodwork)

Treatment
– Based on cause:
– Antibiotics for bacterial infections
– Cough suppressants (e.g., hydrocodone) for symptomatic relief
– Anti-inflammatory medications for airway inflammation
– Heart medications if heart disease is diagnosed
– Supportive care (oxygen therapy, cough suppressants) in severe cases
**Note:** Do not give human cough medicines unless prescribed by a veterinarian.
Prevention
– Core vaccines (e.g., for kennel cough pathogens in at-risk dogs)
– Avoid exposure to irritants and sick animals
– Regular parasite prevention (heartworm, lungworms)
– Maintain a healthy weight and overall health