Aural hematoma in dogs and cats

Aural hematoma in pets (most commonly in dogs, but also in cats) is a condition where blood
collects between the cartilage and skin of the ear flap (pinna), causing swelling.

What is an Aural Hematoma?
– It occurs when blood vessels in the ear’s pinna rupture, often due to trauma, excessive
scratching, head shaking, or ear infections.
– The blood accumulates, leading to a soft, fluctuant swelling, giving the ear a swollen, “puffy”
appearance.
Causes and Risk Factors
– Ear infections (causing itching and head shaking)
– Trauma from scratching, biting, or head shaking
– Allergies or skin conditions leading to itching
– Ear mites or foreign bodies causing discomfort and scratching

Signs and Symptoms
– Swollen, soft, and often painful ear flap
– Visible swelling may be half or all of the pinna
– Ear may feel warm and tender
– Ear may droop or hang lower than normal
– Pet may scratch, bite, or shake head frequently
Treatment
– Drainage and compression:
– Under sedation or anesthesia, the veterinarian will drain the blood and then apply pressure to
prevent re-accumulation. Ear will fill up again pretty soon, this intervention is not recommended
anymore as it’s not therapeutic in most cases.
– Surgical correction:
– Surgical removal of the blood and stabilization of the cartilage may be performed under
general anesthesia with application of sutures and incision is left open to assist drainage..
– Medications:
– Pain relief and anti-inflammatory drugs
– Antibiotics if infection or skin wounds are present
– Treat underlying causes:
– Address ear infections or allergies to prevent recurrence

Prognosis
– Good with prompt treatment
– Recurrent hematomas may require surgical intervention for permanent correction
– Untreated hematomas can lead to thickening and deformity of the ear (a condition called
“cauliflower ear”)
Prevention Tips
– Manage underlying ear infections or skin conditions
– Avoid trauma or rough play that can injure the ear
– Regular ear cleaning and check-ups in pets prone to ear issues